Religion - Online Biography

Religion refers to a set of beliefs, practices, and rituals that concern the nature of existence, purpose, and ultimate reality. It often involves the worship of one or more deities, spirits, or higher powers, and provides a moral code and framework for individual and communal behavior. Religion is a central aspect of many people’s lives, offering a sense of community, purpose, and meaning. It provides an explanation of the world and our place in it, and offers guidance on how to live a good and virtuous life. There are many different religions in the world, each with its own unique history, beliefs, and practices. Some of the major religions include Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, and Judaism. Regardless of one’s religious affiliation, religion can play a significant role in shaping an individual’s identity and values.

Religion

List of religions

Buddhism[edit]

Mahayana
- Chinese Buddhism
  - Tiantai
    - Tendai
    - Cheontae
  - Huayan school
    - Daśabhūmikā
  - Chan Buddhism
    - Seon Buddhism
    - Thiền Buddhism
      - Trúc Lâm (syncretic)
    - Zen Buddhism
    - Caodong school
      - Sōtō
        
        Keizan line
        
        Jakuen line
        
        Giin line
    - Linji school
      - Otokan line
        
        Rinzai
      - Ōbaku
      - Fuke-shū
    - Sanbo Kyodan
- Madhyamaka
  - Sanlun
  - Jonang
  - Prasaṅgika
  - Svatantrika
- Nichiren Buddhism
  - Honmon Butsuryū-shū
  - Kempon Hokke
  - Nichiren Shōshū
  - Nichiren Shū
- Pure Land Buddhism
  - Jōdo Shinshū
    - Honganji-ha
    - Ōtani-ha
    - Yuzu Nembutsu
    - Seizan
  - Jōdo-shū
- Yogācāra
  - East Asian Yogācāra
Nikaya Buddhism (incorrectly called “Hinayana” in the West^{[citation needed]})
- Theravada
  - Sangharaj Nikaya
  - Mahasthabir Nikaya
  - Dwara Nikaya
  - Shwegyin Nikaya
  - Thudhamma Nikaya
  - Amarapura Nikaya
  - Ramañña Nikaya
    - Galduwa Forest Tradition
  - Siam Nikaya
  - Sri Lankan Forest Tradition
  - Dhammayuttika Nikaya
    - Thai Forest Tradition
  - Maha Nikaya (Thailand)
    - Dhammakaya Movement
- Vipassana movement (United States)
Vajrayana
- Azhaliism
- Chinese Esoteric Buddhism
- Newar Buddhism
- Indonesian Esoteric Buddhism
- Shingon Buddhism
- Southern Esoteric Buddhism
- Tibetan Buddhism
  - Bon (syncretic)
  - Gelug
  - Kagyu
    - Dagpo Kagyu
      - Karma Kagyu
      - Drukpa Lineage
    - Shangpa Kagyu
  - Nyingma
  - Sakya
  - Jonang
  - Bodongpa

Hinduism[edit]

Ayyavazhi
Kaumaram
Shaivism^[7]
- Aghori
- Indonesian Shaivism
- Kapalika
- Kashmir Shaivism
- Nath
  - Adinath Sampradaya
  - Inchegeri Sampradaya
- Pashupata Shaivism
- Shaiva Siddhanta
- Veerashaivism (Lingayatism)
Shaktism^[7]
- Kalikula
- Srikula
Smartism
Śrauta
Banjara hinduism
Bhil hinduism
Tantra
- Baul
- Kaula
Vaishnavism/Krishnaism^[7]^[8]
- Balmikism
- Brahma Sampradaya (Madhva tradition)
  - Gaudiya Vaishnavism
    - Gaudiya Saraswata Sampradaya
      - Gaudiya Mission
      - International Society for Krishna Consciousness^[9]
      - ISKCON Revival Movement
      - Science of Identity Foundation
    - Manipuri Vaishnavism
  - Haridasa
  - Mahanam Sampraday
- Ekasarana Dharma
- Kapadi Sampradaya
- Mahanubhava
- Nimbarka Sampradaya
- Pranami/Pranami Sampraday
- Radha Vallabh Sampradaya
- Ramsnehi
- Rudra Sampradaya
  - Pushtimarg
- Sri Vaishnavism
  - Ramanandi Sampradaya
  - Thenkalais
    - Manavala Mamunigal Sabha
  - Vadakalais
- Swaminarayan Sampradaya
  - Bochasanwasi Akshar Purushottam Swaminarayan Sanstha
  - Gunatit Samaj
  - Laxmi Narayan Dev Gadi
    - International Swaminarayan Satsang Mandal
    - Swaminarayan Gurukul
  - Nar Narayan Dev Gadi
    - International Swaminarayan Satsang Organisation
    - Narnarayan Dev Yuvak Mandal
  - Swaminarayan Gadi (Maninagar)
  - Swaminarayan Mandir Vasna Sanstha
- Vaishnava-Sahajiya
- Warkari

Sant Mat^[10]

Dadupanth
Kabir panth
Ravidassia religion
Sadh

Hindu philosophy schools

Āstika (Orthodox schools)
- Nyaya
- Purva mimamsa
- Samkhya
- Vaisheshika
- Vedanta
  - Advaita Vedanta
  - Akshar-Purushottam Darshan
  - Bhedabheda
    - Achintya Bheda Abheda
    - Dvaitadvaita
  - Dvaita Vedanta
  - Integral yoga
  - Pratyabhijna
  - Shaiva Siddhanta
  - Shiva Advaita
  - Shuddhadvaita
  - Vishishtadvaita
- Yoga (philosophy)
Nāstika (Heterodox schools)
- Ajivika
- Ajñana
- Charvaka^[11]

Yoga

Ananda Yoga
Bhakti yoga
Hatha yoga
- Bihar School of Yoga
Integral Yoga
Jivamukti Yoga
Jnana yoga
Karma yoga
Kripalu Yoga
Kriya Yoga
Kundalini yoga
Raja yoga
Sahaja Yoga
Siddha Yoga
Sivananda yoga
Surat Shabd Yoga
Tantric Yoga

Hindu new movements[edit]

Ananda
Ananda Ashrama
Ananda Marga^[12]
Anandamayee Sangha
Arya Samaj^[13]
Brahma Kumaris
Chinmaya Mission
Hindutva
Mahima Dharma
Matua Mahasangha
Narayana Dharm
Oneness Movement
Ramakrishna Mission (Vedanta Society)
Satsang
Sathya Sai Baba movement
Satya Dharma
Shirdi Sai Baba movement
Sivananda Yoga Vedanta Centres
Sri Aurobindo Ashram
Sri Ramana Ashram
- Neo-Advaita

Jainism[edit]

Digambara
- Bispanthi^[14]
- Digambar Terapanth
- Kanji Panth^[14]
- Taran Panth
Śvētāmbara
- Murtipujaka
- Sthānakavāsī
- Svetambar Terapanth

Sikhism[edit]

Mainstream

Khalsa

Sects

Damdami Taksal
Nanakpanthi
Nihang
Nirmala
Sanatan Sikh
Sikh Dharma International (3HO)
Udasi

East Asian religions[edit]

Religions that originated in East Asia, also known as Taoic religions; namely Taoism, Confucianism, Muism and Shinto, and religions and traditions related to, and descended from them.

Chinese folk religion[edit]

Ancestor Worship
Chinese folk religion in Southeast Asia
Faism
Mazu worship
Northeast China folk religion
Nuo folk religion
Queen Mother worship
Shangdiism
Shenism
Wang Ye worship
Wuism

Chinese philosophy schools[edit]

Taojia (“School of the Tao”)
Fajia (‘School of Law”)
- Zonghengjia (“School of Diplomacy”)
Huang–Lao
Mojia (“School of Mo”)
- Mingjia (“School of Names”)
Nongjia (“School of Agrarianism”)
Ruijia (“School of Scholars”)
Yangism
Yinyangjia (“School of Yin Yang”)
Zajia (“School of Syncretism”)

Confucianism[edit]

Han Learning
Korean Confucianism
- Donghak
Lingnan Confucianism
Neo-Confucianism
- Yangmingism
- Edo Neo-Confucianism
New Confucianism
New Text
Old Text
Progressive Confucianism

Japonic religions[edit]

Shinto
- Izumo-taishakyo
- Koshintō (Historical)
- Shinbutsu-shugo
  - Konkōkyō
  - Shugendō
- Yoshida Shintō
Matagi spirituality
Ryukyuan religion

Koreanic religions[edit]

Muism
- Gasin faith

Taoism[edit]

Korean Taoism
Quanzhen School (“School of the Fulfilled Virtue”)
Shangqing School (“School of the Highest Clarity”)
Vietnamese Taoism
Way of the Five Pecks of Rice
- Way of the Celestial Masters
  - Lijiadao (“Way of the Li Family”) (Historical)
  - Way of the Northern Celestial Masters (Historical)
  - Zhengyi Dao (“Way of the Right Oneness”)
Way of the Taiping (Historical)

Syncretic Taoism[edit]

Chongxuan School
Dragon Gate Taoism
Kōshin
Lingbao School (“School of the Numinous Treasure”)
Wuliupai (“School of Wu-Liu”)
Xuanxue (“Neo-Taoism”)
Yao Taoism (“Meishanism”)

Vietnamese religions[edit]

Dao Luong
- Đạo Mẫu

Middle Eastern religions[edit]

Religions that originated in the Middle East; namely Zoroastrianism, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, and religions and traditions related to, and descended from them.

Abrahamic religions[edit]

Baháʼí Faith[edit]

Azali
Babism
Baha’i faith
- Orthodox Baha’i Faith
- Caravan of East and West

Christianity[edit]

Eastern Christianity[edit]

Church of the East (called “Nestorianism”)
- Ancient Church of the East
- Assyrian Church of the East
  - Chaldean Syrian Church
- Chaldean Catholic Church
Eastern Catholic Churches
- Albanian Greek Catholic Church
- Belarusian Greek Catholic Church
- Bulgarian Greek Catholic Church
- Byzantine Catholic Church of Croatia and Serbia
- Greek Byzantine Catholic Church
- Hungarian Byzantine Catholic Church
- Italo-Albanian Catholic Church (a.k.a. the “Italo-Greek Catholic Church”)
- Macedonian Catholic Church
- Melkite Greek Catholic Church
- Romanian Catholic Church
- Russian Greek Catholic Church
- Ruthenian Greek Catholic Church (a.k.a. the “Byzantine Catholic Church” in the United States)
- Slovak Greek Catholic Church
- Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church
- Chaldean Catholic Church
- Syriac Catholic Church
- Maronite Church
- Syro-Malankara Catholic Church
- Syro-Malabar Catholic Church
- (Independent Eastern Catholic Churches)
  - Ukrainian Orthodox Greek Catholic Church
Eastern Orthodox Church (officially the “Orthodox Catholic Church”)
- Greek Orthodox Church
- Serbian Orthodox Church
- Russian Orthodox Church
  - Belarusian Orthodox Church
- Romanian Orthodox Church
- Bulgarian Orthodox Church
- Georgian Orthodox Church
- Albanian Orthodox Church
- Ukrainian Orthodox Church
- (Noncanonical/Independent Eastern Orthodox Churches)
  - Greek Old Calendarists (a.k.a. “Genuine Orthodox” or “True Orthodox”)
  - Russian Old Believers (a.k.a. “Old Ritualists”)
    - Bezpopovtsy
    - Popovtsy
Oriental Orthodox Churches (a.k.a. “Non-Chalcedonian” or “Miaphysite”/”Monophysite”)
- Armenian Apostolic Church
- Coptic Orthodox Church
- Syriac Orthodox Church
  - Malankara Jacobite Syrian Church (of the St. Thomas Christians in India)
- Ethiopian Orthodox Church
- Eritrean Orthodox Church
- Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church (of the St. Thomas Christians in India)
Spiritual Christianity
- Doukhobor
- Khlyst
- Molokan
- Skoptsy

Western Christianity[edit]

Proto-Protestantism
- Brethren of the Free Spirit (Historical)
- Hussites (Historical)
  - Czech Brethren
  - Moravians
- Strigolniki (Historical)
- Waldensians
Protestantism
- Anabaptists (Radical Protestants)
  - Amish
  - Hutterites
  - Mennonites
  - River Brethren
  - Schwarzenau Brethren
  - Shakers
- Anglicanism
  - Anglo-Catholicism
    - Anglican Papalism
  - Broad church
  - Continuing Anglican movement
  - English Dissenters
  - Evangelical Anglicanism
    - Nonconformists
  - Puritans
    - Fifth Monarchists
  - Radical orthodoxy
- Baptists
  - General Baptists
    - Free Will Baptists
  - Landmarkism
  - Missionary Baptists
  - Primitive Baptists
  - Strict Baptists
    - Reformed Baptists
- Black church
  - Black theology
- Christian deism
- Confessing Movement
- Evangelicalism
  - Charismatic movement
  - Emerging church
  - German Christians (movement)
  - Neo-charismatic movement
  - Neo-Evangelicalism
  - New Apostolic Reformation
  - Plymouth Brethren
    - Exclusive Brethren
    - Open Brethren
  - Progressive Christianity
  - Protestant fundamentalism
- Jesuism
- Lollardy (Historical)
- Lutheranism
  - Evangelical Catholic
  - Laestadianism
  - Neo-Lutheranism
  - Pietism
- Methodism
  - Calvinistic Methodists
  - Holiness movement
    - Church of the Nazarene
  - The Salvation Army
  - Wesleyanism
- Pentecostalism
  - Church of God
  - Latter Rain movement
  - Word of Faith
- Quakers (“Friends”)
- Reformed churches
  - Amyraldism (a.k.a.”four-point Calvinism”)
  - Arminianism
    - Remonstrants
  - Christian reconstructionism
  - Congregational churches
  - Continental Reformed churches
    - Swiss Reformed
    - Dutch Reformed
    - French Huguenot
  - Neo-Calvinism
  - New Calvinism
  - Presbyterianism
  - Zwinglianism (Historical)
- Restoration movement
  - Adventism
    - Branch Davidians
    - Seventh-day Adventist Church
  - Christadelphians
  - Christian Science
  - Churches of Christ
  - Cooneyites
  - Iglesia ni Cristo
  - Bible Student movement
    - Jehovah’s Witnesses
    - Free Bible Students
    - Friends of Man
  - Latter Day Saint movement
    - The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
    - Community of Christ
    - Mormon fundamentalism
  - Millerism (Historical)
  - Stone-Campbell movement (a.k.a. “Campbellites”)
  - Two by Twos (a.k.a. “No name church” and “Workers and Friends”)^[15]
- Swedenborgianism (a.k.a. “The New Church”)
- Unitarianism
- Unity Church
Roman Catholic Church/Latin Church (a.k.a. “Roman Catholicism” or “Catholicism”)
- Anglican Ordinariate Catholics
- Charismatic Catholics
- Civil Constitution of the Clergy
- Gallicanism
- Hebrew Catholics
- Independent Catholic churches
  - Old Catholic Church (Union of Utrecht)
    - Polish National Catholic Church (Union of Scranton)
- Liberal Catholicism
- Liberation theology
- Modernist Catholics
- Traditionalist Catholics
  - Sedevacantism
    - Palmarian Catholic Church
  - Sedeprivationism
- Ultramontanism

Other[edit]

Certain Christian groups difficult to classify as “Eastern” or “Western.” Many Gnostic groups were closely related to early Christianity, for example, Valentinism. Irenaeus wrote polemics against them from the standpoint of the then-unified Catholic Church.^[16]

Arianism (Historical)
Bagnolians (Historical)
Bogomilism (Historical)
Bosnian Church (Historical)
Catharism (Historical)
Cerdonians (Historical)
Christian Universalism
Christopaganism
- Christian Wicca
Eastern Lightning
Ecclesia Gnostica
Esoteric Christianity
- Behmenism
- Christian Kabbalah
- Martinism
God Worshipping Society (Historical)
Johannite Church
Judaizers (Judeo-Christian)
- Hebrew Roots
- Makuya
- Messianic Judaism
- Sacred Name Movement
- Yehowists
- Ebionites (Historical)
Lisu
Marcionism (Historical)
Nondenominational Christianity
Nontrinitarianism
- Unitarianism
- Bible Student movement
- Christadelphians
- Oneness Pentecostalism
- Spiritual Christianity
- Tolstoyan movement
Palamism
Paulicianism
Reformed Eastern Christianity
Sethianism (Historical)
- Basilideans (Historical)
- Valentinianism (Historical)
  - Bardesanite School (Historical)
Simonians (Historical)
Theosophy
Unification Church (Family Federation for World Peace and Unification)
- World Peace and Unification Sanctuary Church
Xueta

Druze[edit]

Islam[edit]

Khawarij[edit]

Azraqi (Historical)
Haruriyyah (Historical)
Ibadi
Sufri (Historical)

Shia Islam[edit]

Alevism
- Alians
- Bektashism
- Kurdish Alevism
Alawites (Nusayris)
Isma’ilism
- Mustaali
  - Dawoodi Bohra
    - Alavi Bohra
    - Atba-i-Malak
      - Atba-i-Malak Badar
      - Atba-i-Malak Vakil
    - Hebtiahs Bohra
    - Progressive Dawoodi Bohra
  - Sulaymani
- Nizari
  - Satpanth
Twelver
- Ja’fari jurisprudence
  - Akhbari
  - Shaykhism
  - Usuli
Zaidiyyah
- Jarudiyah
- Batriyya
Khurramites (Historical)

Sufism[edit]

Bektashi Order
Chishti Order
Kubrawiya
- Khufiyya
Mevlevi Order
Mouride
Naqshbandi
- Jahriyya
Ni’matullāhī
Qadiriyya
Roshani
Shadhili
Suhrawardiyya
Sufi Order International
Tijaniyyah
Universal Sufism
- Dances of Universal Peace

Sunni Islam[edit]

Kalam/Fiqh
- Ash’ari
  - Maliki
  - Shafi’i
  - Hanbali
- Maturidi
  - Hanafi
    - Barelvi
    - Deobandi
Athari
- Salafi
  - Madkhalism
  - Wahhabism
  - Ahle Hadith
  - Islamism
- Islamic Modernism
Muʿtazila

Other[edit]

Ahmadiyya
- Lahore Ahmadiyya Movement for the Propagation of Islam
Al-Fatiha Foundation
Ali-Illahism
Din-i Ilahi
European Islam
Gafatar
Ittifaq al-Muslimin
Jadid
Jamaat al Muslimeen
Liberal movements within Islam
- Muslim Canadian Congress
  - Canadian Muslim Union
- Progressive British Muslims
- Progressive Muslim Union
Mahdavia
Mahdist State
Milah Abraham
Quranism
- Tolu-e-Islam
- United Submitters International
Riaz Ahmed Gohar Shahi
- Messiah Foundation International
The Fellowship (The Family)
Xidaotang

Judaism[edit]

Kabbalah[edit]

Non-Rabbinic Judaism[edit]

Haymanot
Karaite Judaism
Samaritanism

Rabbinic Judaism[edit]

Conservative Judaism (a.k.a. Masorti Judaism)
Humanistic Judaism
Jewish Renewal
Orthodox Judaism
- Haredi Judaism (a.k.a. ultra-Orthodox)
  - Dor Daim
  - Hardal
  - Hasidic Judaism
  - Misnagdim
  - Sephardic Haredi
- Modern Orthodox Judaism
  - Religious Zionism
Reconstructionist Judaism
Reform Judaism

Others[edit]

Noahidism
Subbotniks

Historical Judaism[edit]

Essenes
- Bana’im
- Hemerobaptists (possible ancestor of Mandaeism) (Historical)
- Maghāriya
- Nasoraeans (possible ancestor of Mandaeism) (Historical)
Hypsistarianism (Historical)
Pharisees (ancestor of Rabbinic Judaism) (Historical)
Sadducees (possible ancestor of Karaite Judaism) (Historical)
Zealots (Judea)
- Sicarii
Messianic sects
- Ebionites
- Elcesaites
- Nazarenes
Sabbateans
Second Temple Judaism
Frankism

Mandaeism[edit]

Iranian religions[edit]

Manichaeism[edit]

Athinganoi (Historical)
Chinese Manichaeism
Denawars (Historical)
Miqlāsiyya (Historical)
Mihriyya (Historical)

Yazdânism[edit]

Shabakism
Yarsanism
Yazidi

Zoroastrianism[edit]

Behafaridians (Historical)
Mazdakism (Historical)
- Mazdaznan
Zurvanism (Historical)

Indigenous (ethnic, folk) religions[edit]

Religions that consist of the traditional customs and beliefs of particular ethnic groups, refined and expanded upon for thousands of years, often lacking formal doctrine. Some adherents do not consider their ways to be “religion,” preferring other cultural terms.

African[edit]

Traditional African[edit]

ǃKung religion
Abwoi religion
Acholi religion
Akan religion
Azande religion
Bantu religion
- Abagusii religion
- Akamba religion
- Badimo
- Balondo religion
- Baluba religion
- Bamileke religion
- Bamum religion
- Bubi religion
- Bushongo religion
- Bwiti
- Chaga religion
- Chokwe religion
- Duala religion
- Fipa religion
- Herero religion
- Traditional Kikuyu religion
- Kongo religion
- Kwe religion
- Lozi religion
- Makua religion
- Ovambo religion
- Pedi religion
- Rutara religion
- Swazi religion
- Tsonga religion
- Tumbuka religion
- Xhosa religion
- Zulu traditional religion
Bari religion
Bassa religion
Berber religion
Bori
Bwa religion
Dahomean religion
Damara religion
Dinka religion
Dogon religion
Ebira religion
Edo religion
Efik religion
Ekoi religion
Esan religion
Gbagyi religion
Hadza religion
Hyel
Idoma religion
Ijaw traditional religion
Ik religion
Inam
Jola religion
Kalenjin religion
Khoekhoen religion
Kissi religion
Lotuko religion
Lugbara religion
Maasai religion
Madi religion
Manjak religion
Mbuti religion
Nuer religion
Nyongo Society
- Bakossi religion
Odinala / Odinani
San religion
Serer religion
Sidama religion
Surma religion
Temne religion
Turkana religion
Urhobo religion
Vodun
Waaqeffanna
Yoruba religion
- Ifá
Indigenous religion in Zimbabwe
- Shona religion

Diasporic African[edit]

Abakuá
Arara religion
Candomblé
- Candomblé Bantu
- Candomblé Jejé
- Candomblé Ketu
Comfa
Convince
Cuban Vodú
Dominican Vudú
Espiritismo
Haitian Vodou
Hoodoo
Kélé
Kumina
Louisiana Voodoo
Montamentu
Myal
Obeah
Palo
Quimbanda
Santería
Saramaka religion
Tambor de Mina
Trinidad Orisha
Umbanda
Winti

Altaic[edit]

Evenki shamanism
Manchu shamanism
Turko-Mongolic religion
- Altaic shamanism
  - Burkhanism
- Mongolian shamanism
  - Tengrism
    - Aiyy
    - Tengir Ordo
    - Vattisen Yaly
- Nanai shamanism
- Oroqen shamanism
- Shor shamanism
- Soyot shamanism
- Ulch religion
- Yakut Shamanism

American[edit]

Abenaki religion
Ache religion
Achuar religion
Acoma religion
Aguaruna religion
Akawaio religion
Alaska Native religion
- Inuit religion
- Tanana religion
- Yupik religion
  - Yuit religion
  - Sirenik religion
Ancestral Pueblo religion (Basketmaker III) (Pueblo II) (Pueblo III) (Pueblo IV)
Andoque religion
Anishinaabe traditional beliefs
- Ojibwe spirituality
Apache religion
Arhuaco religion
Aymara spirituality
Blackfoot religion
Caddo religion
Californian religions
- Achomawi religion
- Acjachemen religion
- Cahto religion
- Kuksu
  - Esselen religion
  - Miwok religion
  - Ohlone religion
  - Pomo religion
- Northern Paiute religion
- Mohave religion
- Wiyot religion
Calusa religion
Chaná religion
Cherokee folk religion
Choctaw religion
Creek religion
Croatan religion
Crow religion
Fuegian religion
- Selk’nam religion
Garifuna spirituality
Guarani religion
Guayupe religion
Gwich’in religion
Haida religion
Ho-Chunk religion
Hopi religion
Huaorani religion
Hupda religion
Incan religion
- Atacama religion
Illinois religion
Innu religion
Iroquois religion
- Mohawk religion
- Seneca religion
- Wyandot religion
Jivaroan religion
Karankawa religion
Kayabi religion
Kalapalo religion
Kalinago religion
Kogi religion
Kuikoro religion
Kwakwakaʼwakw religion
Lakota religion
Lenape religion
Lokono religion
Mandan religion
Mapuche religion
Marajoara religion
Matses religion
Mesoamerican religion
- Aztec religion
- Huastec religion
- Maya religion
  - Mopan religion
  - Pech religion
  - Q’eqchi’ religion
- Mixe religion
- Nagualism
- Olmec religion
- Purépecha religion
- Teotihuacan religion
- Tlapanec religion
- Totonac religion
- Zapotec religion
Midewiwin
Mi’kmaq religion
Miskito religion
Muisca religion
Muzo religion
Navajo religion
Nuu-chah-nulth religion
Omaha religion
Osage religion
Pawnee religion
Parakanã religion
Pemon religion
Penobscot religion
Piaroa religion
Powhatan religion
Puruhá religion
Q’ero religion
Quechua religion
Raramuri religion
Illinois religion
Rikbaktsa religion
Salish religion
Seminole religion
Seri religion
Shuar religion
Southeastern Ceremonial Complex (religion of the Mississippian culture)
Taensa religion
Taino spirituality
Tairona religion
Talamancan religion
Tapirape religion
Tehuelche religion
Tepehuan religion
Ticuna shamanism
Toba religion
Tlingit religion
Tsimshian religion
Ute religion
Wai-Wai religion
Wapishana religion
Warao religion
Wari’ religion
Wayuu religion
Yaqui religion
Yaruro religion
Zuni religion

Austroasiatic[edit]

Bru religion
Ka Niam Khasi
Muong ethnic religion
Nicobarese folk religion
Santal religion
Sarnaism
Tampuan religion
Vietnamese folk religion

Austronesian[edit]

Amis native religion
Aliran Kepercayaan/Mythology of Indonesia
- Aluk
- Balinese Hinduism
- Batak Parmalim
- Dayak religion
  - Kaharingan
- Javanese Kejawèn
- Kapitayan
- Karo Pemena
- Sangirese religion
- Jingi Tiu
- Sumbawa religion
- Marapu
- Rejang religion
- Rotenese religion
- Sundanese Wiwitan
- Saminism Movement
Dayawism
- Bicolano religion
- Blaan folk religion
- Pangasinan folk religion
- Sama Bajau folk religion
- Sambal religion
- Tagalog folk religion
- Tagbanwa folk religion
- Ilocano folk religion
- Tboli folk religion
- Visayan folk religion
Fomba Gasy
Jarai religion
Malaysian folk religion
- Datuk Keramat
- Pengarap Iban
- Melanau religion
- Momolianism
- Murut religion
Micronesian religion
- Carolinian religion
- Chamorro religion
- Chuukese religion
- Nauruan indigenous religion
Polynesian narrative
- Cook Islands narrative
- Hawaiian religion
- Mangarevan narrative
- Māori religion
- Rapa Nui narrative
- Samoan narrative
- Tahitian narrative
- Tongan narrative
- Tuvaluan narrative
Paiwan shamanism
Sakizaya native religion
Tao native religion

Caucasian[edit]

Khabzeism
Vainakh religion

Dravidian[edit]

Khond religion
Koyapunem
Tamil religion

Indo-European[edit]

Kalashism
Nagpuria religion
Ossetian native religion
Tharu religion

Melanesian[edit]

Fijian religion
Kanak religion
Papuan religion

Paleosiberian[edit]

Koryak religion
Itelmen religion
Nivkh religion
Yukaghir religion

Sino-Tibetan[edit]

Bathouism
Benzhuism
Bimoism
Bon
- Dongba
Bongthingism
Burmese folk religion
Chutia religion
Daba
Donyi-Polo
Sangsarek
Gurung shamanism
Hani religion
Hnam Sakhua
Kan Khwan
Karbi religion
Karen religion
Lisu religion
Jingpo religion
Kiratism
Mizo religion
Qiang folk religion
Sanamahism
Zahv

Tai and Miao[edit]

Hlai religion
Kev Dab Kev Qhuas
Sui religion
Satsana Phi
- Ahom religion
- Lamet religion
- Mo religion
- Nung religion

Uralic[edit]

Komi shamanism
Mari Native Religion

Other Indigenous[edit]

Ainu religion
Australian Aboriginal religion
- Gamilaraay religion
- Larrakia religion
- Tasmanian Aboriginal religion
Vedda religion

New religious movements[edit]

Religions that cannot be classed as either world religions or traditional folk religions, and are usually recent in their inception.^[17]

Cargo cults[edit]

John Frum
Johnson cult
Prince Philip Movement
Vailala Madness

New ethnic religions[edit]

Black[edit]

African Zionism
Ausar Auset Society
Black Muslims
- American Society of Muslims
Dini Ya Msambwa
Five-Percent Nation
Godianism
Igbe religion
Moorish Science Temple of America
- Moorish Orthodox Church of America
Mumboism
Nation of Islam
- United Nation of Islam
Nuwaubian Nation

Black Hebrew Israelites[edit]

African Hebrew Israelites of Jerusalem
Church of God and Saints of Christ
Commandment Keepers
Israelite Church of God in Jesus Christ
Israelite School of Universal Practical Knowledge
Nation of Yahweh
One West Camp

Rastafari[edit]

Bobo Ashanti
Nyabinghi
Twelve Tribes of Israel

White[edit]

Ariosophy
British Israelism
Christian Identity
Creativity
French Israelism
Nordic Israelism
Wotansvolk

Native American[edit]

Ghost Dance
Indian Shaker Church
Longhouse Religion
Mexicayotl
peyote meetings
Wasshat religion

World Religion-derived new religions[edit]

Neo-Buddhism[edit]

Đạo Bửu Sơn Kỳ Hương
- Hòa Hảo
Diamond Way Buddhism
Falun Gong
Humanistic Buddhism
Navayana
New Kadampa Tradition^[18]
Nipponzan-Myōhōji-Daisanga
PL Kyodan
Reiyūkai
- Risshō Kōsei Kai
Rimé movement
Shambhala Buddhism
Shinnyo-en
Soka Gakkai
Triratna Buddhist Community
True Buddha School
Won Buddhism

Chinese salvationist religions[edit]

Baguadao (“Way of the Eight Trigrams”)
Dejiao (“Teaching of Virtue”)
Huangjidao (“Way of the Imperial Pole”)
Huangtiandao (“Way of the Yellow Sky”)
Huazhaidao (“Way of Flowers and Fasting”)
Jiugongdao (“Way of the Nine Palaces”)
Luandao (“Phoenix Way”)
Luoism (“Way of Luo”)
- Chinese religions of fasting
  - Xiantiandao (“Way of Former Heaven”)
    - Guiyidao (“Way of the Return to the One”)
    - Shengdao (“Holy Way”)
    - Yaochidao (“Way of the Mother of Pearl Lake”)
    - Yiguandao (“Persistent Way”)
      - Haizidao
    - Yixin Tiandao (“Heart-bound Heavenly Way”)
- Dacheng
- Hongyangism
Maitreyanism
Sanyiism
Shanrendao (“Way of the Virtuous Man”)
Taigu school
Tiandihui (Historical)
Tiandiism
Tianguangdao (“Way of the Heavenly Light”)
Tianxian Miaodao (“Way of the Temple of the Heavenly Immortals”)
Weixinism
White Lotus
Xuanyuandao (“Way of Xuanyuan”)
Yellow Sand Society
Zailiism (“Way of the Abiding Principle)
Zhongyongdao (“Way of the Golden Mean”)

Christian-derived new religions[edit]

Antoinism
Mama Tada
Modekngei
Rātana
Ringatu
Pai Marire
World Elijah Evangelical Mission

Hindu-derived new religions[edit]

Adidam
Brahmoism (Brahmo Samaj)
- Adi Dharm
- Sadharan Brahmo Samaj
Meivazhi
Rajneesh movement
Transcendental Meditation

Muist-derived new religions[edit]

Cheondoism
- Jeungsanism
  - Daesun Jinrihoe
  - Jeung San Do
  - Bocheonism
- Suwunism
Daejongism

Shinshukyo (Shinto-derived)[edit]

Aum Shinrikyo
- Aleph
- Hikari no Wa
Happy Science
Konkokyo
Kurozumikyō
Oomoto
- Church of World Messianity
  - Mahikari
- Seicho-no-Ie
- Shōroku Shintō Yamatoyama
- Shumei
Sekai Shindokyo
Shinmeiaishinkai
Tenrikyo
Tenshō Kōtai Jingūkyō
Zenrinkyo

Sikh-derived new religions[edit]

Contemporary Sant Mat movements
- Advait Mat
- Radha Soami
  - Radha Soami Satsang Beas
  - Radha Soami Satsang Dayagbal
  - Radha Swami Satsang, Dinod
  - Ruhani Satsang
  - Manavta Mandir
  - Science of Spirituality (a.k.a. Sawan Kirpal Ruhani Mission)
- Radha Soami-influenced^[19]
  - Ancient Teachings of the Masters
  - Dera Sacha Sauda
  - Eckankar
  - Elan Vital (formerly Divine Light Mission)
  - Movement of Spiritual Inner Awareness
- Ravidassia

Interfaith new religions[edit]

Share International

Modern paganism[edit]

Ethnic neopaganism[edit]

Hetanism
Baltic neopaganism
- Dievturība
- Romuva
Caucasian neopaganism
- Abkhaz neopaganism
- Assianism
Celtic neopaganism
- Celtic reconstructionist paganism
- Druidry
Heathenry (a.k.a. Germanic neopaganism)
Hellenism
Italo-Roman neopaganism
- Nova Roma
- Roman Traditional Movement
Kemetism
- Kemetic Orthodoxy
Semitic neopaganism
Rodnovery (a.k.a. Slavic neopaganism)
- Native Polish Church
- Peterburgian Vedism
- Rodzima Wiara
- Rodnover Confederation
- RUNVira (a.k.a. Sylenkoism)
- Union of Slavic Native Belief Communities
- Ynglism
Uralic neopaganism
- Estonian neopaganism
- Suomenusko
- Hungarian neopaganism
- Mastorava
- Udmurt Vos
Zalmoxianism
Zuism

Syncretic neopaganism[edit]

Adonism
Christopaganism
- Christian Wicca
Church of All Worlds
Church of Aphrodite
Cochrane’s Craft
Druidry
- Ár nDraíocht Féin
- Order of Bards, Ovates, and Druids
- Reformed Druids of North America
Feraferia
Goddess movement
Huna
Ivanovism
Neoshamanism
Pow-wow
Radical Faeries
Ringing Cedars’ Anastasianism
Stregheria
Summum
Technopaganism
Wicca
- British Traditional Wicca
  - Gardnerian Wicca
  - Alexandrian Wicca
  - Central Valley Wicca
  - Algard Wicca
  - Chthonioi Alexandrian Wicca
  - Blue Star Wicca
- Seax-Wica
- Universal Eclectic Wicca
- Celtic Wicca
- Dianic Wicca
- Faery Wicca
- Feri Tradition
- Georgian Wicca
- Odyssean Wicca
- Wiccan church
  - Covenant of the Goddess

Entheogenic religions

Church of the Universe
Neo-American Church
Santo Daime
Temple of the True Inner Light
Tensegrity
THC Ministry
União do Vegetal

New Age Movement

A Course in Miracles
Association for Research and Enlightenment
Chaos Magic
Conversations with God
Eckankar
Love Has Won
Rainbow Family
The Family

New Thought

Christian Science
Church of Divine Science
Church of the Truth
Church Universal and Triumphant
Home of Truth
Jewish Science
Psychiana
Religious Science
Seicho-no-Ie
The Infinite Way
Unity Church
Universal Foundation for Better Living

Parody religions and fiction-based religions

Church of Euthanasia
Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster (a.k.a. “Pastafarianism”)
Church of the SubGenius
Dinkoism
Discordianism
Dudeism
Earthseed
- Terasem
Iglesia Maradoniana
Jediism
Kibology
Kopimism
Landover Baptist Church
Last Thursdayism
The Nine Divines
‘Pataphysics
Sisters of Perpetual Indulgence
United Church of Bacon

Post-theistic and naturalistic religions

Abrahamites
Cult of the Supreme Being (Historical)
Deism
- Christian Deism
Ethical movement
Freethought
- North Texas Church of Freethought
God-Building
Humanism
Ietsism
Moorish Orthodox Church of America
Pandeism
Pantheism
- Naturalistic pantheism
Religion of Humanity
- Church of Humanity
Saint-Simonianism
Syntheism
Theophilanthropy
Unitarian Universalism
Universal Life Church

UFO religions

Aetherius Society
Ashtar Galactic Command
Chen Tao (“True Way”)
Fiat Lux
Ground Crew Project
Heaven’s Gate
Industrial Church of the New World Comforter
Mark-Age
Nuwaubian Nation
Order of the Solar Temple
Raëlism
Scientology
- Independent Scientology
The Seekers
Unarius Academy of Science
Universe people
Urantia movement

Western esotericism

Anthroposophy
Archeosophical Society
Builders of the Adytum
Fraternity of the Inner Light
Hermeticism
- Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn
  - The Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn, Inc.
Illuminates of Thanateros
Luciferianism
- Fraternitas Saturni
- Neo-Luciferian Church
New Acropolis
Occultism
- Gaianism
- Mayanism
- Michael Teachings
Ordo Aurum Solis
Rosicrucian
- Ancient Mystical Order Rosae Crucis
- Lectorium Rosicrucianum
- Rosicrucian Fellowship
Satanism
- Non-theistic Satanism
  - LaVeyan Satanism
    - Church of Satan
    - First Satanic Church
  - The Satanic Temple
- Theistic Satanism
  - Joy of Satan
  - Order of Nine Angles
  - Our Lady of Endor Coven (Historical)
  - Temple of the Black Light
  - Temple of Set
Thelema
- A∴A∴
- Ordo Templi Orientis
- Typhonian Order
Theosophy
- Neo-Theosophy
Thee Temple ov Psychick Youth

Other new]

Bell religion
Caodaism
Chrislam
Faithism
Fourth Way
Heraka
Ishikism
Nontheism
Omnism
Open-source religion
Otherkin^[20]
Pilgrims of Ares
Santa Muerte
Singularitarianism
Đạo Dừa
Spiritualism (Spiritism)
Subud
Tai Ji Men
The Circle of Reason
The Family International

Historical religions]

Prehistoric Religion

Cucuteni–Trypillia religion
Funnelbeaker religion
Hemudu religion
Hongshan religion
Linear Pottery religion
Paleolithic religion
- Urreligion (theorized)
  - Urmonotheismus (theorized)
Varna religion

Bronze Age

Ancient Egyptian religion
- Atenism
Ancient Mesopotamian religion
- Babylonian Religion
- Sumerian religion
Ancient Semitic religion
- Ancient Canaanite religion
- Yahwism
Harappan religion
Hittite religion
Hurrian religion
Liangzhu religion
Longshan religion
Luwian religion
Minoan religion
Mycenaean religion
Nordic Bronze Age religion
Proto-Indo-European religion
- Paleo-Balkan religion
- Proto-Indo-Iranian religion
Proto-Uralic religion
Shang religion
Urnfield religion

Classical antiquity

Adena religion
Aksumite religion
Albanian folk beliefs
Proto-Celtic paganism
- Ancient Celtic religion
  - Breton paganism
  - Cornish paganism
  - Irish paganism
  - Manx paganism
  - Scottish paganism
  - Welsh paganism
Ancient Greek religion
- Greco-Buddhism
- Greco-Roman mysteries
  - Cult of the Great Gods
  - Dionysian mysteries
    - Orphism
  - Eleusinian mysteries
  - Mysteries of Isis
- Hellenistic religion
- Hermeticism
- Neoplatonism
- Pythagoreanism
  - Neopythagoreanism
- Stoicism
Ancient Iranian religion
Armenian paganism
Basque paganism
Cantabrian religion
Castro religion
Chauvin religion
Dacian religion
Elamite religion
Etruscan religion
Gallaecian religion
Georgian paganism
Germanic paganism
- Anglo-Saxon paganism
- Continental Germanic paganism
- Frankish paganism
- Old Norse religion
Gothic paganism
Iberian religion
Illyrian religion
Ligurian religion
Lusitanian religion
Lydian religion
Nuragic religion
Punic religion
Religion in ancient Rome
- Gallo-Roman religion
- Imperial cult
- Greco-Roman mysteries
  - Mithraism
Religion in pre-Islamic Arabia
Scythian religion
Thracian religion
Urartu religion
Vedicism

Medieval Period

Ainu religion
Balinese religion
Baltic paganism
- Prussian paganism
- Latvian paganism
- Lithuanian paganism
Batak religion
Caucasian Albanian paganism
Chimor religion
Estonian shamanism
Finnish shamanism
Guanche religion
Hungarian shamanism
Kafirism
Jamaican Maroon religion
Lima religion
Moche religion
Nazca religion
Sámi shamanism
Slavic paganism
Tiwanaku religion
Tocharian religion
Vainakh religion
Wari religion

Other categorisations

By demographics

List of religious populations

By area

Religion in Africa
Religion in Asia
Religion in Oceania
Religion in Europe
Religion in North America
Religion in South America
Religion by country
- List of state-established religions
- Buddhism by country
  - Buddhism in the United States
- Christianity by country
  - Roman Catholicism by country
  - Eastern Orthodoxy by country
  - Protestantism by country
  - Oriental Orthodoxy by country
- Hinduism by country
- Islam by country
  - Ahmadiyya by country
- Judaism by country, Jewish population by country
- Sikhism by country